Computer+Hardware

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Anatomy of a Computer

 Power Supply Bring electricity to the computer by the power cord.

Mother Board All the components of the computer are attached to it. It also carriers electricity through it to the different components.

CPU (Central Processing Unit) Processing instructions and data and it manages the flow of information in the computer.

External Cache Memory that is external to the CPU and is used for high speed storage of recently used information. It is sometimes called L2 or level 2 cache because it is the second place that the CPU looks to find recently used data or information.

Internal Cache Memory inside the CPU that is the first place the CPU looks to find recently used data or instructions. It is sometimes called L1 or level 1 cache.

Expansion Slots They are sockets in the motherboard in to which expansion cards can be added for additional memory or peripheral devices such as sound cards, graphics cards, and other stuff.

Hard Drive A disk drive that holds, reads from, and writes to the hard disc, which is the memory storage space in the computer. It is used to store software and data files.

Storage devices <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Flash drives, external hard drives, hard disc drive

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">The Bus <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">It’s a set of conductor wires that transports data among the components of the computer through an electronic path. Bits are what travel among the conductor wires.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">The R.A.M (Random access memory or user memory) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">The ram is temporary memory that stores information for the length of time a computer is left on. It is important because it helps your computer run smoothly and faster when you are using more than one program at a time. When the computer is turned off the information that us not saved is lost.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">The R.O.M (Read Only Memory or the factory memory) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">It’s the memory put on your computer when it is made.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Input <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Input is information or instructions that you tell the computer to do ex. Typing or clicking on something.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Output <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Is what the computer displaces that is has processed ex. Sound or something being displayed on the screen.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Processing <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">It’s what the computer does to what you input into it so it can output it. Processing is the step before input and output.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Storage <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">It is the computers memory.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Binary Code <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">The fundamental language code that the computer understands. It is made up of only zeros and ones. For example, the letter "p" is 010010000 in binary code.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Bit <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Bit is short form for binary digit. It is the smallest unit of data that a computer can use. More complex information is made by combining bites.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;"> Byte <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">A byte is the unit of memory needed to store one character. It takes eight or so bits to make up a byte.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;"> Kilobyte(KB) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">1000 bytes.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;"> Mega Bytes <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">1 000 000 bytes.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;"> Giga Bytes <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">1 000 000 000 bytes

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Questions <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">1. How many bits in a byte? <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">2.